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<h1 id="exceptions">Exceptions<a class="headerlink" href="#exceptions" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h1>
<p>Structured API exceptions with consistent error responses and automatic OpenAPI documentation.</p>
<h2 id="overview">Overview<a class="headerlink" href="#overview" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>The <code>exceptions</code> module provides a set of pre-built HTTP exceptions and a FastAPI exception handler that formats all errors — including validation errors — into a uniform <a href="../../reference/schemas/#fastapi_toolsets.schemas.ErrorResponse"><code>ErrorResponse</code></a>.</p>
<h2 id="setup">Setup<a class="headerlink" href="#setup" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Register the exception handlers on your FastAPI app at startup:</p>
<div class="language-python highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-0-1"><a id="__codelineno-0-1" name="__codelineno-0-1" href="#__codelineno-0-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">fastapi</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">FastAPI</span>
</span><span id="__span-0-2"><a id="__codelineno-0-2" name="__codelineno-0-2" href="#__codelineno-0-2"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">fastapi_toolsets.exceptions</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">init_exceptions_handlers</span>
</span><span id="__span-0-3"><a id="__codelineno-0-3" name="__codelineno-0-3" href="#__codelineno-0-3"></a>
</span><span id="__span-0-4"><a id="__codelineno-0-4" name="__codelineno-0-4" href="#__codelineno-0-4"></a><span class="n">app</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">FastAPI</span><span class="p">()</span>
</span><span id="__span-0-5"><a id="__codelineno-0-5" name="__codelineno-0-5" href="#__codelineno-0-5"></a><span class="n">init_exceptions_handlers</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">app</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<p>This registers handlers for:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="../../reference/exceptions/#fastapi_toolsets.exceptions.exceptions.ApiException"><code>ApiException</code></a> — all custom exceptions below</li>
<li><code>RequestValidationError</code> — Pydantic request validation (422)</li>
<li><code>ResponseValidationError</code> — Pydantic response validation (422)</li>
<li><code>Exception</code> — unhandled errors (500)</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="built-in-exceptions">Built-in exceptions<a class="headerlink" href="#built-in-exceptions" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>Exception</th>
<th>Status</th>
<th>Default message</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><a href="../../reference/exceptions/#fastapi_toolsets.exceptions.exceptions.UnauthorizedError"><code>UnauthorizedError</code></a></td>
<td>401</td>
<td>Unauthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="../../reference/exceptions/#fastapi_toolsets.exceptions.exceptions.ForbiddenError"><code>ForbiddenError</code></a></td>
<td>403</td>
<td>Forbidden</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="../../reference/exceptions/#fastapi_toolsets.exceptions.exceptions.NotFoundError"><code>NotFoundError</code></a></td>
<td>404</td>
<td>Not found</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="../../reference/exceptions/#fastapi_toolsets.exceptions.exceptions.ConflictError"><code>ConflictError</code></a></td>
<td>409</td>
<td>Conflict</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="../../reference/exceptions/#fastapi_toolsets.exceptions.exceptions.NoSearchableFieldsError"><code>NoSearchableFieldsError</code></a></td>
<td>400</td>
<td>No searchable fields</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="language-python highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-1-1"><a id="__codelineno-1-1" name="__codelineno-1-1" href="#__codelineno-1-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">fastapi_toolsets.exceptions</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">NotFoundError</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-2"><a id="__codelineno-1-2" name="__codelineno-1-2" href="#__codelineno-1-2"></a>
</span><span id="__span-1-3"><a id="__codelineno-1-3" name="__codelineno-1-3" href="#__codelineno-1-3"></a><span class="nd">@router</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">&quot;/users/</span><span class="si">{id}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-4"><a id="__codelineno-1-4" name="__codelineno-1-4" href="#__codelineno-1-4"></a><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get_user</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">session</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="n">AsyncSession</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">Depends</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">get_db</span><span class="p">)):</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-5"><a id="__codelineno-1-5" name="__codelineno-1-5" href="#__codelineno-1-5"></a> <span class="n">user</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="k">await</span> <span class="n">UserCrud</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">first</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">session</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">filters</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">User</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">id</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nb">id</span><span class="p">])</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-6"><a id="__codelineno-1-6" name="__codelineno-1-6" href="#__codelineno-1-6"></a> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="ow">not</span> <span class="n">user</span><span class="p">:</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-7"><a id="__codelineno-1-7" name="__codelineno-1-7" href="#__codelineno-1-7"></a> <span class="k">raise</span> <span class="n">NotFoundError</span>
</span><span id="__span-1-8"><a id="__codelineno-1-8" name="__codelineno-1-8" href="#__codelineno-1-8"></a> <span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">user</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<h2 id="custom-exceptions">Custom exceptions<a class="headerlink" href="#custom-exceptions" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Subclass <a href="../../reference/exceptions/#fastapi_toolsets.exceptions.exceptions.ApiException"><code>ApiException</code></a> and define an <code>api_error</code> class variable:</p>
<div class="language-python highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-2-1"><a id="__codelineno-2-1" name="__codelineno-2-1" href="#__codelineno-2-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">fastapi_toolsets.exceptions</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">ApiException</span>
</span><span id="__span-2-2"><a id="__codelineno-2-2" name="__codelineno-2-2" href="#__codelineno-2-2"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">fastapi_toolsets.schemas</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">ApiError</span>
</span><span id="__span-2-3"><a id="__codelineno-2-3" name="__codelineno-2-3" href="#__codelineno-2-3"></a>
</span><span id="__span-2-4"><a id="__codelineno-2-4" name="__codelineno-2-4" href="#__codelineno-2-4"></a><span class="k">class</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nc">PaymentRequiredError</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">ApiException</span><span class="p">):</span>
</span><span id="__span-2-5"><a id="__codelineno-2-5" name="__codelineno-2-5" href="#__codelineno-2-5"></a> <span class="n">api_error</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">ApiError</span><span class="p">(</span>
</span><span id="__span-2-6"><a id="__codelineno-2-6" name="__codelineno-2-6" href="#__codelineno-2-6"></a> <span class="n">code</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="mi">402</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="__span-2-7"><a id="__codelineno-2-7" name="__codelineno-2-7" href="#__codelineno-2-7"></a> <span class="n">msg</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;Payment required&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="__span-2-8"><a id="__codelineno-2-8" name="__codelineno-2-8" href="#__codelineno-2-8"></a> <span class="n">desc</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;Your subscription has expired.&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="__span-2-9"><a id="__codelineno-2-9" name="__codelineno-2-9" href="#__codelineno-2-9"></a> <span class="n">err_code</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">&quot;PAYMENT_REQUIRED&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="__span-2-10"><a id="__codelineno-2-10" name="__codelineno-2-10" href="#__codelineno-2-10"></a> <span class="p">)</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<h2 id="openapi-response-documentation">OpenAPI response documentation<a class="headerlink" href="#openapi-response-documentation" title="Permanent link">&para;</a></h2>
<p>Use <a href="../../reference/exceptions/#fastapi_toolsets.exceptions.exceptions.generate_error_responses"><code>generate_error_responses</code></a> to add error schemas to your endpoint's OpenAPI spec:</p>
<div class="language-python highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span id="__span-3-1"><a id="__codelineno-3-1" name="__codelineno-3-1" href="#__codelineno-3-1"></a><span class="kn">from</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nn">fastapi_toolsets.exceptions</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="n">generate_error_responses</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">NotFoundError</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ForbiddenError</span>
</span><span id="__span-3-2"><a id="__codelineno-3-2" name="__codelineno-3-2" href="#__codelineno-3-2"></a>
</span><span id="__span-3-3"><a id="__codelineno-3-3" name="__codelineno-3-3" href="#__codelineno-3-3"></a><span class="nd">@router</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">get</span><span class="p">(</span>
</span><span id="__span-3-4"><a id="__codelineno-3-4" name="__codelineno-3-4" href="#__codelineno-3-4"></a> <span class="s2">&quot;/users/</span><span class="si">{id}</span><span class="s2">&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span>
</span><span id="__span-3-5"><a id="__codelineno-3-5" name="__codelineno-3-5" href="#__codelineno-3-5"></a> <span class="n">responses</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="n">generate_error_responses</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">NotFoundError</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">ForbiddenError</span><span class="p">),</span>
</span><span id="__span-3-6"><a id="__codelineno-3-6" name="__codelineno-3-6" href="#__codelineno-3-6"></a><span class="p">)</span>
</span><span id="__span-3-7"><a id="__codelineno-3-7" name="__codelineno-3-7" href="#__codelineno-3-7"></a><span class="k">async</span> <span class="k">def</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="nf">get_user</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="o">...</span><span class="p">):</span> <span class="o">...</span>
</span></code></pre></div>
<div class="admonition info">
<p class="admonition-title">Info</p>
<p>The pydantic validation error is automatically added by FastAPI.</p>
</div>
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