diff --git a/docs/usage.md b/docs/usage.md
index 6abd3f6..61c5f02 100644
--- a/docs/usage.md
+++ b/docs/usage.md
@@ -178,6 +178,10 @@ async def send_welcome_email(user_id: int, locale: str) -> None:
     ...
 ```
 
+If a listed field is absent from a task's kwargs, it is dropped from the
+fingerprint and a warning is logged, since this can make genuinely different
+calls collide on the same lock.
+
 ## Opting out per task
 
 ```python
diff --git a/src/taskiq_deduplication/middleware.py b/src/taskiq_deduplication/middleware.py
index 29c8cd5..8ad748f 100644
--- a/src/taskiq_deduplication/middleware.py
+++ b/src/taskiq_deduplication/middleware.py
@@ -144,11 +144,19 @@ class RedisDeduplicationMiddleware(TaskiqMiddleware):
         key_fields = parse_list_label(
             message.labels.get(DEDUP_KEY_FIELDS_LABEL), DEDUP_KEY_FIELDS_LABEL
         )
-        kwargs = (
-            {k: v for k, v in message.kwargs.items() if k in key_fields}
-            if key_fields is not None
-            else message.kwargs
-        )
+        if key_fields is not None:
+            missing = [field for field in key_fields if field not in message.kwargs]
+            if missing:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Task %s requested deduplication_key_fields %r but they are "
+                    "absent from kwargs; they are dropped from the fingerprint, which "
+                    "may cause distinct calls to collide.",
+                    message.task_name,
+                    missing,
+                )
+            kwargs = {k: v for k, v in message.kwargs.items() if k in key_fields}
+        else:
+            kwargs = message.kwargs
         try:
             payload = json.dumps(
                 {"task": message.task_name, "kwargs": kwargs},
diff --git a/tests/test_middleware.py b/tests/test_middleware.py
index d8800c4..c214149 100644
--- a/tests/test_middleware.py
+++ b/tests/test_middleware.py
@@ -605,6 +605,33 @@ class TestLabelTypeParsing:
         assert any("{'a': 1}" in r.message for r in caplog.records)
         assert key is not None
 
+    async def test_missing_key_fields_warns(self, middleware, make_message, caplog):
+        import logging
+
+        msg = make_message(
+            kwargs={"order_id": 1},
+            labels={DEDUP_KEY_FIELDS_LABEL: ["user_id", "order_id"]},
+        )
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING, logger="taskiq_deduplication.middleware"):
+            key = middleware._build_deduplication_key(msg)
+        assert any("user_id" in r.message for r in caplog.records)
+        # the field that is present must not be reported as missing
+        assert not any("order_id" in r.message for r in caplog.records)
+        assert key is not None
+
+    async def test_present_key_fields_do_not_warn(
+        self, middleware, make_message, caplog
+    ):
+        import logging
+
+        msg = make_message(
+            kwargs={"user_id": 1, "order_id": 2},
+            labels={DEDUP_KEY_FIELDS_LABEL: ["user_id"]},
+        )
+        with caplog.at_level(logging.WARNING, logger="taskiq_deduplication.middleware"):
+            middleware._build_deduplication_key(msg)
+        assert not any("absent from kwargs" in r.message for r in caplog.records)
+
     def test_stringified_key_fields_parsed_correctly(self, middleware, make_message):
         # taskiq's prepare_label() stringifies ["a", "b"] → "['a', 'b']" before pre_send
         m1 = make_message(